The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.